Portal Hypertension is a disease that affects the liver parenchyma. It is characterized by an increase in
portal venous pressure that gives rise to the formation of an extensive vascular network of portosystemic
collaterals that divert blood from the portal territory to the systemic circulation, preventing its arrival in the
liver.

It causes metabolic, hemodynamic and humoral alterations.

The main complication is bleeding due to rupture of esophageal varices.

Other manifestations are: ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and bacteremia.

The diagnosis of hemorrhage due to esophagogastric varices is defined by the observation in the endoscopy
made in the first 12 hours after the patient’s admission. It confirms the origin of the hemorrhage and allows
us to assess its severity, obtain prognostic information and initiate endoscopic treatment.

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